INESC TEC seeks to support the energy transition through Generative Artificial Intelligence

As Europe’s energy system faces new challenges, generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is emerging as a resource to optimise the operation and planning of power grids – namely in terms of increasing penetration of renewable sources, electrification of consumption and energy systems’ complexity. INESC TEC has played an active role in the development of advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) solutions applied to the energy sector, supporting the Adra Association in the design of a strategic agenda to promote the development and adoption of GenAI in Europe’s main industrial sectors.

From the lab to the grid: Europe’s GenAI initiatives are already underway. The webinar “GenerativeAI4EU: Accelerating Quick Wins for Smart Grids”, organised by the AI, Data, and Robotics Association (ADRA) – in partnership with the European Commission and leading industrial and research players across Europe – explored how GenAI can support the modernisation and digitalisation of power grids. The integration of RES, increased electrification, ageing infrastructures and growing cyber risks are some of the most pressing areas that will benefit from the application of GenAI.

Ricardo Bessa, INESC TEC researcher, was one of the contributors and speakers, and stressed the importance of developing models that combine real data and physical knowledge – like physics-informed models – to improve consumption and production forecasts, support real-time operational decisions and increase the resilience of the energy system. “GenAI has proven benefits and can play a crucial role in accurately forecasting energy demand, helping to balance electricity supply and demand. Fundamental models trained on large data sets enable state estimation, forecasting and contingency analyses, improving the management of power grids,” he said.

With the digitalisation of the energy sector as a strategic priority for the European Union, INESC TEC recognises the role of applied research and collaboration between industry, academia and policymakers to develop accessible, safe and people-centred technologies. The European Commission is supporting the adoption of AI through strategies such as the Competitiveness Compass and programmes like Horizon Europe and InvestAI, mobilising up to 200 billion euros to support said technologies.